The sheathed wire is a type of insulated cable featuring a plastic coating around its multiple cores. As shown in the image on the right, this wire offers protection against moisture, acids, and corrosion. You can install it directly within hollow floors or structures, using line clips to support the wire. This method of installation is straightforward, ensuring a clean and aesthetically pleasing layout while keeping costs low. Currently, splints, grooved plates, and porcelain insulators are commonly placed on the interior surfaces of buildings, making sheathed wire widely applicable for electrical lighting and similar circuits. However, it’s important to note that sheathed wire shouldn't be buried within plaster layers or exposed outdoors.
The plastic insulation of the sheathed wire serves several critical roles, including moisture-proofing, corrosion resistance, and electricity insulation. The outermost layer of the sheathed wire provides additional protection to the internal conductors, preventing physical damage and prolonging the wire's lifespan.
Sheathed wires come in various specifications. For instance, the RVV cable is a flexible sheathed wire, whereas the BVV cable is rigid. Both types fall under the broader category of sheathed wires. The RVV cable comprises PVC-insulated PVC-sheathed flexible cables, while the BVV cable consists of PVC-insulated PVC-sheathed cloth wires. These cables differ slightly in their structural composition and material properties, but both adhere to GB standards and meet 3C certification requirements.
When working with sheathed wires during construction, proper preparation is essential. The spacing between support points should be maintained at 15 to 20 centimeters, with a fixed distance of 5 to 10 centimeters between each clip. Line cards can be affixed using small cement nails when working on walls or wooden structures with plaster layers, ensuring the nails don’t protrude excessively. On concrete or steel structures, epoxy-bonded aluminum wire clips are recommended.
When laying sheathed wires, it’s crucial to handle them carefully to avoid twisting or damaging the sheath. Two people should work together during the payout process, with one holding the spool and the other pulling the wire smoothly. Avoid dragging the wire on the ground to prevent sheath damage. If necessary, cut the wire to fit the required length, leaving a margin for adjustments.
To achieve a neat appearance, wires should be laid horizontally and vertically. Use one hand to hold the wire steady while securing it to the line card with the other. For longer runs or parallel wire sets, you can temporarily clamp the wires into splints before tightening them individually. Finally, gently tap the wires with your hand or a wooden mallet to ensure they lie flush against the wall.
When turning corners on the same wall, the wire must remain perpendicular, with smooth bends and a radius of at least three to six times the wire's specification.
When using plastic-sheathed wire indoors, the minimum cross-sectional area for copper cores should be 0.5 mm², and for aluminum cores, 1.5 mm². For outdoor applications, the minimum cross-sectional area should be 1.0 mm² for copper cores and 2.5 mm² for aluminum cores.
Plastic-sheathed wires should never be directly connected along the line; instead, connections should be made via porcelain connectors, junction boxes, or terminal posts. When passing through walls or floors (or areas prone to mechanical damage), protective tubing must be installed, with the tubing protruding about 3 to 10 mm from the wall surface. If the sheathed wire comes into close contact with pipes, protective tubing is also required. When embedding wires in hollow floors, ensure the holes are clean and free of joints in the middle of the run.
Using sheathed wire for concealed wiring is generally safe. However, over time, especially with high-power appliances, there could be potential risks. For households with high-power devices like air conditioners or ovens, it’s advisable to seek professional advice.
Lastly, while both wires and cables share some similarities, they differ in structure and application. Wires typically consist of a few soft conductors with a soft outer protective layer, while cables are made up of insulated wires encased in a durable metallic or rubber outer layer. There is no strict dividing line between the two, with smaller products often referred to as wires, and larger ones as cables.
In conclusion, understanding the nuances of sheathed wires and cables ensures safer and more efficient installations, whether for household or commercial purposes.
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