If a worker wants to do something good, he must first sharpen his tools. In today's globalized world, patents are no longer just about protecting innovation—they have become powerful tools in the commercial battlefield. Mames Consulting has developed a patent operation platform tailored for MEMS, sensors, and IoT technologies, integrating intellectual property resources across the entire industry chain. This initiative actively promotes the protection and effective utilization of intellectual property. With advancements in energy harvesting and low-power electronics, the industry is now exploring various self-powered wireless sensor node solutions. Among these, the "event-driven" mechanism stands out as a key technology in the deployment of wireless sensor networks.
The term "event-driven" refers to a system where the sensor only activates for data transmission when specific events occur—such as earthquakes, fires, or changes in temperature and humidity—once certain thresholds are met. Otherwise, it remains in a low-power sleep state. This approach is crucial for efficient energy use, extending the lifespan of the network, and reducing operational costs.
In many "event-driven" scenarios, we are primarily concerned with whether a monitored physical quantity crosses a threshold, such as whether an impact on a pipeline is severe enough to cause structural damage. In such cases, continuous and precise acceleration data becomes unnecessary. Maintaining high accuracy requires more energy, which increases maintenance complexity and cost. The "event-driven" sensing mechanism helps reduce this burden by compressing information and saving energy, making it a more sustainable solution.
Take an oil pipeline as an example. An "event-driven" energy harvester is installed along the pipeline. When there’s no external influence, the device produces almost no output. However, when external damage causes vibrations or shocks that exceed a preset threshold, the energy harvester generates a significant amount of power. The subsequent circuit detects this energy accumulation and sends an alarm signal via the RF transmitting circuit. This signal can be simple, containing just the location of the damaged section. In this mode, the sensor and the energy harvester are integrated, eliminating the need for separate power supplies and reducing the complexity of the sensing node.
By directly using the energy harvester to trigger "event-driven" power generation, both energy harvesting and sensing can occur on a single device, forming a novel self-powered sensing system that combines sensing and energy harvesting into one unit.
The diagram above illustrates the vibration mode of the two-stage vibrator in the energy harvester when external vibrations reach or exceed a preset threshold. The energy harvester consists of a first-stage vibrator for detecting external vibrations and a second-stage vibrator for generating electricity. The free end of the first stage has a rectangular magnet and a mass attached to its upper and lower surfaces, respectively. The free end of the second stage is fixed with another magnet, while the fixed end of the second stage includes a lower electrode, piezoelectric film, and upper electrode in sequence. This vibration-based self-sensing energy harvester has a driving threshold—it does not generate power when the environmental vibration amplitude is below the threshold but converts mechanical energy into electrical energy when the amplitude exceeds it. The generated AC is converted to DC in the energy conversion and storage unit and stored. When the control circuit detects sufficient energy accumulation, it activates the wireless transmitting circuit to send an alarm or prompt signal, reporting the event occurrence.
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