Hydraulic sensing boosts efficiency and safety of non-motorized vehicles on the road
Sensing technology is one of the biggest factors affecting the cost and safety of mobile hydraulic systems. Proper sensing technology makes the system easier to operate, safer and faster to use. Heavy-duty construction machinery such as wheeled front-end loaders, excavators and bulldozers use sensing devices to monitor and control oil temperature, pressure, liquid level, wheel speed and other key measurement data to improve operator safety and reduce equipment damage and reduce Downtime.
Hydraulic systems such as hydraulic motors, pumps, reservoirs, valves and cylinders use liquid hydraulics to drive mechanical loads. The hydraulic system of the front loader (shown in Figure 1) uses a variety of sensors such as temperature, speed, angle, position and pressure to make the vehicle more stable, productive and efficient.
For example, a temperature sensor measures the temperature of the oil in the hydraulic system. The pump draws oil from the reservoir and supplies it to the hydraulic cylinder connected to the workload under pressure. When the operator presses the control device in the cab, the cylinder extends or retracts. As the equipment continues to retract and extend, heat is generated in the hydraulic fluid and may exceed the maximum operating temperature range of the system. When the hydraulic fluid reaches the predetermined temperature, the sensor will send a signal to open the cooling fan on the oil cooler to keep the system temperature within the allowable range. This will prevent the system from overheating or malfunctioning.
The front-end loaders use a variety of hydraulic systems that apply temperature, speed, angle, temperature and pressure to make the vehicle safer and more efficient.
For many applications, the temperature sensor platform is the solution for the hydraulic system to maintain economies of scale. These sensor platforms, such as the sensor platform offered by Honeywell Sensing and Control, provide construction equipment manufacturers and their motor, pump, and cylinder suppliers with the ability to customize temperature sensors for their applications. The platform's modular design offers a wide range of probe lengths, materials, connectors, housings and output types.
Size and weight are often important considerations for space-constrained applications. Honeywell's sensor platform devices are compact and rugged, reducing the overall size of the system without compromising performance. In addition, these sensors are available in a variety of housing materials to ensure compatibility with virtually any type of hydraulic fluid.
In addition, the liquid storage tank in the system can use infrared sensors to measure the level of the oil level. This feature is also achieved with a mechanical float switch, but the non-contact infrared sensor has higher accuracy and longer life.
Speed ​​sensors are widely used in mobile hydraulic systems for heavy duty construction vehicles, such as controlling pump speed and detecting wheel speed and direction. In many cases, the wheels of large off-highway motor vehicles can be driven by hydraulic hub motors. The pump is driven by a diesel engine and delivers hydraulic fluid to the motor.
In space-constrained hydraulic pump applications, sensor manufacturers such as Honeywell Sensing and Control can design a custom speed and temperature integrated sensor to monitor pump speed and hydraulic fluid temperature. The integrated sensor also provides diagnostic information for wiring faults such as short circuits, improving device safety and efficiency.
In hydraulic hub motor applications, sensors are used to detect speed and direction. In some cases, sensor manufacturers will offer integrated sensing solutions that combine melting speed and direction detection. The main feature of the Hall-effect magnetic sensor used in this type of application is jitter protection, which eliminates false signals or pulses. This characteristic is especially important for mobile hydraulic systems when the motor is idling.
For example, if the vehicle starts to move forward or backward at a certain angle of inclination, the electronic control system needs to know the specific tilt angle of the vehicle in order to compensate for the jitter and stabilize the vehicle. The sensor takes information about whether the wheel is moving, moving in which direction, and then transmits the data to an electronic control module that provides feedback to the hydraulic system to compensate for jitter.
Image: Honeywell RTY Series Hall Effect Position Sensor
Honeywell's RTY Series Hall-Effect Rotary Position Sensors are housed in an IP67 sealed enclosure that operates in harsh transportation environments and is suitable for measuring the position of the swashplate within the hydraulic motor.
The angle sensor monitors the position of the swashplate within the hydraulic motor. The swash plate controls the speed of the wheel by controlling the amount of hydraulic fluid pumped by the motor. Equipment manufacturers can choose non-contact MR sensors or Hall effect sensors depending on the application.
Non-contact MR sensors typically have a long life, high accuracy, and can withstand high temperatures, vibrations, and harsh environmental conditions, but are expensive compared to low cost, good performance Hall effect sensors. a lot of. The sensor type can be selected based on the technical and cost requirements of the vehicle.
Many types of construction equipment, especially those with multiple legs that prevent rollover (see Figure 2), have smart position sensors. Some types of construction equipment may use up to five smart position sensors per unit. One sensor is mounted on each leg, and one sensor is mounted on each backhoe, front loader, and bucket boom.
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