Schematic diagram of two graphene qubits and superconducting microwave cavity long-range coupling sample map and measuring device
Graphene, a new flexible semiconductor material, is widely recognized as an important carrier for next-generation semiconductor components. The elimination of the effects of spin-orbit coupling and net nuclear spins also provides an attractive prospect for the use of graphene in quantum chips. However, the relativistic properties of the single-layer carbon atomic material carriers and the zero-gap band structure also pose a high challenge to the construction of graphene-based qubits. In addition, the highly integrated nature of practical quantum chips requires that the constructed qubits be coupled to non-local quantum data buses.
Guo Guoping's research group proposed in 2008 the theory of introducing superconducting cavities into semiconductor quantum chips as quantum data buses [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 230501 (2008)]. After nearly 7 years of efforts, they have overcome graphene. The series of fully electronically controlled single and double quantum dots, the design and construction of graphene qubits, etc., developed a new superconducting microwave cavity with independent intellectual property rights, and finally realized the composite structure of superconducting microwave cavity and graphene qubit. . Experimental tests show that the coupling strength of the new superconducting quantum data bus and graphene qubits reaches 30 MHz, which will be of great significance in the future integration of large-scale quantum chip architecture.
The research team used microwave detection technology to determine the phase coherence time of graphene quantum dot bits for the first time in the graphene and superconducting composite structure, and further found that the graphene quantum coherence time and the number of carriers in its quantum dots are The unique quadruple cycle characteristics provide a new method and mechanism for experimental exploration and verification of the basic physics brought about by the quadruple degeneracy of graphene spin and energy valley freedom.
Based on an in-depth study of the coupling mechanism of single qubits and superconducting cavities, the research team focused on the problem of quantum bit long-range coupling, and successfully realized two graphene qubits internationally for the first time. Long-range coupling measures the quantum correlation between two qubits that are 60 microns apart (200 times the size of the quantum dot itself). Because it is the first two-bit long-range coupling based on superconducting cavity in the quantum dot system, the article immediately attracted the attention of international peers after the publication of arXiv (1409.4980). It was published in the journals of Science, PRL and other publications. Evaluation, it is considered to be of great significance for the realization of quantum entanglement between long-distance quantum dot bits and finally the integration of quantum chips.
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