The biggest selling point of LED lighting is energy saving, but the market is often limited by product cost, materials, and heat dissipation technology, so that the demand for energy saving has a discount because of light efficiency factors. Energy saving is currently mainly reflected in the following two aspects:
1. Convert electrical energy to light energy to the maximum extent;
Second, the maximum control of light energy to fit the human senses.
Judging from the difficulties encountered in the LED application field, the above two points are obviously not good enough. The first is the "heat" problem of the LED. Since there is a problem of heat dissipation, it means that the heat generation of the LED is considerable. We can simply analyze which LED problems are related to the heat production of LED:
1. Since the heat generated by the LED is high enough to affect the heat dissipation angle, the temperature can be seen in general. Regarding the LED light source sealant, what kind of material can withstand tens of thousands of hours of heat baking? Of course, even with such high-quality materials, the high price can be prohibitive.
2. Regarding the life problem, it is actually very simple. The heat emitted by the LED chip will affect the life of the LED light source itself, leading to light decay; in addition, it will also affect the life of the aluminum base plate of the LED lamp.
3. It is precisely because the heat generated by the LED lamp is large that it needs to dissipate heat. Compared to lightweight plastics, the thermal conductivity of metal is much better, but it is also bulkier and of course more expensive.
The second is the problem of light perception. Why do we still feel blurred vision under high lumen LED lights? The specific reasons are as follows:
1. Our eyes adapt to natural light for a long time, and currently almost all LED lighting products are monochromatic light. Compared to our eyes, whether it is warm or pure white, monochromatic light cannot always restore the color of the object itself.
2. Although the monochromatic light produced by the LED lamp is relatively large, it is not far away. Therefore, we have this feeling in LED lights, which are particularly dazzling when they are near the lights; they are not bright enough when they are far away from the lights; in contrast, the effect of warm colors is slightly better.
The use of high-power light sources can reduce the heat generated by LEDs. When the 3528 light source came out, the status before the 5050 light source began to shake. Many friends rejected the 3528 light source earlier, on the grounds that the application surface of the 3528 is relatively narrow, and sales are not as easy as the 5050. Now, those friends who have complained about the 3528 light source have made a pot of gold at the right time. Now more than 70% of indoor lighting products are using 3528 light sources. Although actually using 3528 light source can save costs, it also brings some technical difficulties.
In general, a 1W light source generates about 3000 joules of heat in an hour; two 0.5W light sources produce about 3500 joules of heat in an hour. So in terms of energy saving, the latter's light output efficiency is low. Taking a 5W bulb lamp as an example, if a single 1W light source is used, a simple light source generates about 15K joules per hour; and if a 0.5W light source is used, the light source generates about 16.5K joules per hour .
It can be inferred that, with the same power, using 3528 light source produces more heat than using 5050 light source, that is to say, under normal circumstances, the same power lamp, high-power light source has a higher light output rate than low-power light source. At the same time, under the premise of the same light source power, as the number of light sources increases, the heat generated by the aluminum substrate will increase accordingly.
In addition, the LED package of the 5630 has also been used by international manufacturers, but technically requires a higher threshold, and currently only manufacturers with technical capabilities can gain advantages.
As we all know, the heat generated by the light source has an absolute relationship with the chip. So when controlling the heat production of lamps, in addition to considering the use of high-quality chip packaged light sources, we must also consider the number of lamp beads as much as possible. Now, in order to cater to the market, many manufacturers have to use low-power light sources to control costs to increase market competitiveness. Of course, high-power light sources have no advantage in heat dissipation compared to low-power, but as the weakness of high-power light sources is gradually resolved and the price drops, the market application in the later period should have a good performance.
The problem of light perception can be dealt with by light source mixing or lampshade. At present, the problem of low color rendering index caused by the current LED monochromatic light, many companies have begun to develop a variety of color temperature mixing lamps. Of course, this effect may still cause the phenomenon of uneven light, which puts forward new requirements for the lampshade and lens. For example, the use of high light transmittance frosted lens is very light-transmitting opalescent lampshade.
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