Star finding method without any instrument and reaching a good point

I have been engaged in the installation and debugging of satellite antennas mainly in homes and small receiving stations for six or seven years. I have never used special tools such as a finder. At the beginning, the finder speed was slow, and the received images and sounds were up to Less than the best condition, but after a period of exploration, summing up the following points of experience, star search is very fast, ranging from a few minutes to a dozen minutes.

1. Input the received frequency and other data into the receiver to make the machine in the receiving state. For example, if the analog signal is received, the frequency in the input machine should be equal to 5150-downlink frequency. = 1230; If receiving digital compressed signals, the parameters of the received transponder and the local oscillator of the tuner you are using must be input to the receiver accurately, so that the receiver is in the receiving state.

Second, the correct installation and debugging of the high-frequency head and feed: when receiving C-band signals, install the feed on the antenna surface, pay attention to feed the feed cylinder into the disc and extend it around the ICM, and align the antenna The center point of the surface should be observed carefully, and there must be no deviation. The direction of the high-frequency head is based on its terminal. When receiving a horizontally polarized signal, the terminal is toward the right or left side of the antenna surface (refers to a person standing directly in front of the antenna surface); when it is vertical When the signal is in the direction, the terminal of the connector faces the front or back of the antenna surface; when the dual-polarized high-frequency head is used, the 0 grid line on the upper scale faces the left or right. If the received image is not ideal, the direction of the high-frequency head and the height of the feed from the antenna surface must be fine-tuned to make the image and sound reach the best state. When receiving the KU band signal, the debugging method will be described below.

3. Commissioning of antenna azimuth and elevation: First of all, it is necessary to know the general direction of the satellite to be received. Generally speaking, a satellite with a longitude of about 110 degrees east (such as Xinnuo 1) is just south. Stars less than 110 degrees are in the southeast or east, and so on. The Asia Pacific 2R17. 5 degree star is about 65 degrees west-southwest, visually in the southwest direction; the Asia Pacific 1A134 degree star is about 25 degrees east-south, and visually in the southeast direction. For example, if you receive a program of 100.5 degree stars in Asia 1, first adjust the receiver frequency to 1190, turn the direction of the basin to a little south and west, and then change the elevation angle. Generally, you will soon receive the Hong Kong Family Carnival and Central Fourth. The station (because the image frequency of the two stations is the same, and the satellite orbit is only 5 degrees different). If you receive Secondary 4, turn the antenna face a little east, and fine-tune the elevation angle to receive the family celebration.

4. How to bring out the best picture and sound? At first, I only need to observe the image of the monitor without noise. But when connected to a large TV, there is often noise, and sometimes even obvious snowflakes, and it is necessary to run several times on the top and downstairs, which is very troublesome. For example, it takes thousands of dollars to buy a field strength meter. When I think of debugging and receiving the image, it can be received even if it deviates from a small angle (the elevation angle also has a small angle), I will determine or engrave a baseline in the rotating part of the antenna surface, when the azimuth angle of the rotating antenna surface receives the image However, when there is noise, draw a line on the base of the antenna plane corresponding to the baseline or on the ground, and then turn the antenna plane to align the baseline with the middle of the two lines. The fine-tuning of the elevation angle is the same, but it is simpler. In this way, the antenna can be adjusted to the best point. When the digital signal is received in the C or KU band, the adjustment method is similar to the analog method, but the receiver is in the receiving state. According to the above method, the noise is received to the same degree. The rest of the time should be the same degree of mosaic phenomenon for line debugging, generally can also receive the best image.

When using a new KU tuner, the direction can only be adjusted when the direction is unclear. If the signal strength is reached, but the image is not available, the tuner must be turned, about 15 degrees per turn, azimuth Finely adjust the angle of elevation and elevation, so that the image will come out several times, and then write down the name of the star and the direction of the tuner used. The next time you adjust the star, it will be much more convenient. Generally It is said that the tuner is different, and its installation direction is different; the same kind of tuner received by the same tuner is different, and its direction also changes.

In short, as long as the receiver is in the receiving state, the direction of the high-frequency head is set correctly, and the general direction of the received satellite is remembered. You only need to slightly change the azimuth and elevation angles to receive the image quickly, generally only a few minutes Or you can receive it in ten minutes, and then you can receive the best image and sound by debugging according to the above method. If you encounter a cloudy day or rain, you will need to bring it to a new unfamiliar place. A compass can be used to identify the southeast and northwest.

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