Some veteran headset enthusiasts often hang a word "flat" in their mouths, referring to flat-panel headphones or flat-panel speakers. In fact, the tablet is divided into several categories, the most popular electrostatic headphones for old-fashioned enthusiasts, is one of the flat-panel headphones. Today, let's talk about the tablet.
As the name suggests, the flat plate is flat as a plate. It has the same appearance characteristics as the standard cone, dome, and moving iron speakers. The word “flat†has nothing to do with the driving method. Different flat speakers have different working principles.
Let's talk about the "flat" speakers that are often encountered in speakers. Most of them are actually a thinly designed cone speaker. It works exactly like the electric speaker. This type of speaker is mainly used for desktop ultra-thin satellites. In the speaker design of the speaker or flat-panel TV, there is almost no application in the earphone. Think about it from another angle. In fact, the dynamic speaker of the earphone is quite thin. Since there is nothing special about the technology, this article only mentions and does not discuss it in depth.
There is also a type of flat-panel speaker that uses an exciter to excite a hard medium to resonate. For example, the glass speaker in the above picture is the principle of sound generation. Glass is the diaphragm, that is, the part that emits sound.
The drive components of such flat panel speakers are similar to those of "resonant speakers." This kind of vocalization has great limitations in acoustics, but it is very decorative. There are also photo frame speakers in China, which are similar designs. But this is not the focus of this article.
One day, the world of a senior netizen Sophie handed us a very special product. This is not an ordinary headset, although it looks like a regular headset with a "hot". When the dismantling is completed, the inner ridge is revealed.
Its speaker is very special, very obvious sandwich structure, two permanent magnetic plates use a magnetically guided bracket to form a uniform magnetic field, and the polarity is repelled to install, with a diaphragm in between. The yellow flexible circuit board is printed with a serpentine line. When it is energized, it will generate a magnetic field and a magnetic plate to vibrate. It is a diaphragm. This is a true type of flat panel speaker called the electromagnetic flat panel speaker.
In theory, this type of drive, the diaphragm will be evenly stressed. In the last article, we mentioned that the way in which the moving coil and the moving iron point drive the diaphragm will cause the diaphragm to split and vibrate. Then, can the sandwich structure with evenly applied vibration to the diaphragm be prevented from splitting vibration? Answer: Yes.
But its fatal flaw is that the flexible printed circuit board acts as a diaphragm, which is too thick. There is no doubt that it will lose a lot of detail, and the high-frequency response performance will be greatly reduced. Even if there is a major technological advancement in the future, the flexible circuit board can be controlled to a very thin extent, but the diaphragm requirements may still be thicker, so the flat panel speaker is difficult to achieve the best, although it There is no split vibration. But in the long run, it can do better. Electromagnetic flat panel speakers can also be used for speaker design.
Looking into the electrostatic speaker, the electrostatic speaker is undoubtedly a kind of flat panel, and we can also understand through the structure diagram that the electrostatic speaker is also a sandwich structure, and the diaphragm is sandwiched between the two plates. From the driving principle, its The diaphragm is also uniformly stressed, and the diaphragm does not generate split vibration when it is working.
Write an article, it is best to have a picture of the truth, speaking to the structure diagram will always be lacking confidence, we contacted the rambler, hoping to borrow a STAX headset to disassemble, I did not expect the other party to readily agree. The SR-407 that was dismantled is probably priced at more than 4,000 yuan. We especially reminded that the electrostatic speaker will be scrapped in a dusty environment, so it should be scrapped.
Disassemble to know the structure as a schematic diagram, a typical sandwich structure, the diaphragm is very thin, thin to almost transparent, the surface of the diaphragm is coated with a conductive layer, installed between the two plates, forming an electrostatic field after power-on, charge change drive The diaphragm sounds. The electrostatic speaker has extremely high requirements on the diaphragm, and it needs to be very thin and light, so the processing cost is high, and the electrostatic earphone is difficult to enter the ordinary people's home.
The acoustic performance of the electrostatic speaker is currently the most perfect state. Its distortion is much smaller than that of the moving coil and the moving iron speaker, but it also has its disadvantages. Its diaphragm amplitude is small, the driving efficiency is not high, and it needs to be enlarged. The area of ​​the diaphragm drives more air, so the electrostatic headphones look big. The electrostatic speaker needs 580V to create an electrostatic field, so it can't be compatible with ordinary headphone amplifiers, let alone directly connected to the player. This also causes some inconveniences, but you don't have to worry about 580V, the current is very high. Low, the static spark that can be pulled out of sweaters in winter can be as high as 10,000 volts, and 580V is low voltage for static electricity. By the way, the electrostatic speaker can also be used for speaker design. As for the price of the finished speaker, you can only say OH My God.
The two types of flat-panel speakers mentioned in this paper give the solution to the split vibration, but one type is not good enough, and the other type of cost is still high and inconvenient, so-called gains and losses, Have the opportunity to listen to the static headphones, then compare the dynamic headphones, feel the difference between the split vibration, perhaps more impressive than reading this article.
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