TV lighting design is a combination of art and technology. TV lighting workers should use light to create art under various conditions, and restore or recreate real and ideal time and space pictures on TV screens. And clear overall work ideas are the premise of TV lighting design work.
Familiar with the creative space, reasonable setting of lamps
The organization and implementation of TV programs are carried out in a three-dimensional space. The lighting design should be carried out in the 360° area of ​​the scene. The lighting designer should take full control of the scene. The lighting design should create an ideal time and space venue for directors to create, let the actors play their artistic talents, let the photographers capture the various scenes. In other words, it is necessary for the camera to "observe" the accurate and realistic space-time environment in the whole scene at the scene of the audience. This requires that the lighting design should first be familiar with and aware of the structure of the program implementation site and various types of program-related lifting and rotating. And translation and other facilities to determine the lighting layout, light and shadow tone and performance rhythm.
Take the Shenzhen TV station 800m2 studio as an example. The studio is 30m long, 20m wide and 20m high; from the mouth of the mouth to the depth of the sky 16.7m, the performance area is 10m deep and 14.6m wide; the auditorium area is 14.7m wide and 9.5m deep, with a total of 10 rows of 250 seats, the highest 3.1 m, the distance between the first row and the stage is 3.7m. There are 5 cameras in the studio: 1 on each side of the entrance, 1 on the far right, 1 on the back of the auditorium, and 1 on the other. The studio has more than 100 sets of lamps for different purposes. The general-purpose film lights include: spotlights, backlights, imaging lights, skylights, soft-reflective lights, effect PAR lights and follow-up lights; Shaking computer lights, specular reflection computer lights, computer color changing lights, etc.; there are also light and shadow auxiliary effects equipment such as fog machines, snow machines, etc., and a combination light stand.
Application of spotlights
2kW film spotlight: Color temperature 3200K, effective projection distance 5m ~ 7m. Through the control system, the luminaire can be used for horizontal, pitching, concealing, focusing and other actions. It is used as a spotlight for people's facelights. It is usually used in soft light sheets (or in a defocused state) to make the light soft and even. It is easy to superimpose and connect when it is lighted on multiple layers. It is used as a backlight spotlight to satisfy certain emotional atmosphere. A color filter can be added to create an ambient hue.
2kW return light: color temperature 3200 K, effective projection distance 8 m ~ 12 m. Usually used as a backlight. With a soft film (paper), you can make an actor face. After assembling the color changer, the cluster's tough backlighting effect and ambient color tone are bright and clear.
3kW high-efficiency follow-up light: color temperature 5500K, effective projection distance 15m ~ 35m. The follow-up light on the front of the stage is equipped with Ryden 85 color temperature paper, which reduces the color temperature of the light to 3200 K, which is consistent with the color temperature of the spotlight; the follow-up lights set at the rear of the stage maintain their color temperature of 5 500 K. They are used as actor's tracking light and tracking backlight to form special light effects. The light beam of the follow-up light can guide the viewer's line of sight, while also adding a flowing charm to the stage.
Application of floodlights
2kW skylight: color temperature 3200 K, effective projection distance 3m ~ 5m. According to the different requirements of different programs, different color filter papers are configured to meet the background color of the program.
1.25kW × 2 soft light reflector lamp: color temperature 3200K, effective projection distance 5m ~ 7 m. These types of luminaires play an extremely important role in special environments that require large audiences, uniform lighting, and a certain degree of illumination. The light is soft and delicate, and there is no obvious projection. It forms a complementary relationship with the spotlight, which not only satisfies the illumination requirements of the surface color restoration, but also makes the group image look more hierarchical.
Application of effect lamps
PAR64 luminaire: color temperature 3200 K, effective projection distance 5m ~ 7m. Its luminaires play the role of “effect main forceâ€. The luminaires are all equipped with CP60 narrow beam blister and partially equipped with color changers. The light line cooperates with the on-site artificial smoke to form a distinct spatial beam that forms a special spatial effect in the picture. At the same time, it can also form a dynamic atmosphere and artistic conception based on "space beam modeling", and coordinate with the stage art atmosphere to complement each other in time and space.
Computer lights: Computer lights have high color temperature, strong beam, multi-directional projection, scanning, easy control and color and pattern with change. The pattern and color can be used independently or superimposed. The high brightness and multi-beam effect are often used as space modeling to enhance the spatial, stereo and perspective sense of the picture; the pattern changes and flows, enriching the style of the program. Connotation; powerful stroboscopic function, and the overall cluster effect that can be dispersed, aggregated and flowed at will, creating a splendid light color concept for TV programs, and also letting the audience create a stage where the illusion of constantly jumping and rushing is infected. Therefore, they can't help but participate in and participate in the program.
When recording TV shows with audience participation, it is also important to note that the viewer is both the viewer of the show and the "temporary actor" of the show. They are both infected by the mood of the show and the stalker of the scene. The on-site positioning and lighting of the audience must be incorporated into the overall concept of TV lighting design.
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